Conservation of wild pollinators in agricultural landscapes: the value of CSA farms for pollinating insects
The past decades have been characterized by biodiversity and insect diversity loss. The conversion of valuable habitats to areas intended for intensive food production makes agriculture one of the main causes of these losses. Recently, more attention has been paid to agricultural diversification practices (e.g. intercropping, agroforestry, variety mixtures) to prevent the loss of (pollinating) insects. Since community supported agriculture (CSA) represents a small-scale form of agriculture, typified by extensive crop diversification, this thesis investigates the value of these farms in providing floral resources for wild pollinators.
In late summer 2023, pollinating insects were caught at sixteen different locations in Flanders, both on a CSA farm and in semi-natural grasslands (SNG). Indeed, SNG are considered the most valuable habitats in terms of floral supply for pollinators in late summer. This study now shows that vegetation cover and species richness are similar for both habitats and that flower abundance is even higher for the CSA habitat. Pollinator abundance and species richness are also comparable. However, vegetation and pollinator community composition differ between the two habitats, making them complementary. Hence, CSA can be considered a valuable habitat for pollinators. Furthermore, flower abundance was found to significantly positively affect the abundance of all pollinators and hoverflies. In contrast, the proportion of agriculture in the surrounding area had a significant negative effect on the hoverfly abundance. Flower abundance and/or richness and the percentage agriculture in the surrounding area had no significant effect on the abundance and/or richness of other pollinators.
Jutta Crois
Promotors: Prof. dr. ir. Kris Verheyen, dr. ir. Maxime Eeraerts
Tutor: dr. ir. Maxime Eeraerts